In the field of industrial rope access, the load or carrying ropes, with which an industrial climber moves to his working position, are referred to as working ropes. There is no technical distinction from the redundant safety rope. A working rope is standardised according to EN 1891 and is used for the most common rappelling devices with diameters of 10.5mm or 11mm and a usage elongation of about 3%.
The ropes are made of polyamide fibres and are manufactured as core-sheath constructions in all conceivable colour variations. Depending on the manufacturer, rope diameter, and construction, the ratio of core to sheath content varies between 52% to 48% and 57% to 43%. The load-bearing core of the rope is protected by the sheath of the rope and includes a tracer thread on which the relevant data of the rope can be found.
Rappelling devices, rope clamps etc. attach to the rope sheath during use and wear it out over time due to friction, the gripping of metal teeth or clamping. However, this normal wear and tear of the rope sheath has virtually no influence on the load-bearing core of the rope. The way a rope is used requires different types: while in normal use with descent devices the wear and tear is moderate, ropes used in rescue lifting devices or even in winch operation are exposed to higher continuous load and should have a better sheath construction according to the area of application.
Damaging influences besides dirt are chemicals, solvent-containing paints, UV radiation, and temperature exposure. Ropes made of synthetic fibres are optimised for temperature ranges from 10°C to 40°C, lower or higher temperatures can affect the load-bearing capacity and usage life of the rope. For special areas of application, where temperature-resistant ropes are required, ropes with aramid fibres can be used. Contaminants can be washed out in cold water, cleaning in washing machines should definitely be avoided due to the surfactants, which have long-term damaging effects on the rope.
Storage should be in cool, well-ventilated areas protected from UV radiation so that the ropes can dry out well if necessary. A shrinkage of the rope up to 5% in length is normal due to the materials used. Many manufacturers recommend pre-wetting the rope before the first use to achieve the shrinkage in length before application.
Working ropes for the field of tree care differ by a higher sheath content, as the type of use with gripping knots requires a higher wear and tear for the sheath and accordingly larger portion due to the load.
All ropes must be checked at least once a year or as needed by a competent person.
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