Safety helmets for the area of height work are divided into three main groups: Industrial safety helmets according to EN 397, EN 12492 mountaineering helmets, and EN 14052 high-performance industrial safety helmets.
Industrial safety helmets according to EN 397 are intended to provide protection from falling objects, furthermore, the standard requires penetration resistance against sharp or pointed objects, flame resistance, and a chin strap attachment that triggers between 150 and 250 N.
Mountaineering helmets according to EN 12492 offer protection not only from falling objects from above, but also against lateral frontal or a force impact from behind against the helmet. Penetration resistance is also required, however, the chin strap may only trigger from 500 N.
A high-performance safety helmet according to EN 14052 must offer protection against falling objects and lateral force impact against the helmet, penetration protection from above and from the side, releasing the chin strap must occur between 150 and 250 N, the attachment system must be correspondingly effective, this means that the helmet must not be removed from the head under appropriate test load, and the helmet must be flame resistant.
Additional requirements for all helmets may be resistance to low temperatures (-20°C, -30°C, -40°C), high temperatures (+150°C), radiant heat, electrical insulation, or against molten metal (MM).
Which helmet is the right choice depends on the application area: whether the helmet is worn as a construction helmet or during the application of PPE against falls where a lateral impact is expected. An appropriate risk assessment must cover the respective application and protection area.
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